In the last 300 years, the American diet has gone through a lot of changes. Our foods used to be nutrient dense, home-grown and organic. We used to have a much higher intake of fats and a much lower intake of sugar and carbohydrates. People were stronger and chronic, degenerative diseases occurred much more rarely than they do today. But soil depletion, conventional farming methods, rampant dietary misinformation and other factors have changed all that. Our state of health, as a nation, is rapidly declining- despite all of our modern medical interventions and wonder drugs. Of course there are numerous reasons for this, but I’d like to shed some light on one of the leading causes of disease and how it is likely effecting YOU.
- In 1700, the average yearly intake of dietary sugar was 4lbs.
- In 1800, the average yearly intake of dietary sugar increased to 18lbs.
- In 1900, the average yearly intake of dietary sugar increased to 90lbs.
- In 2010, 50% of Americans consume A HALF A POUND OF SUGAR PER DAY, which equals 180lbs. per year
Of course, I’m not just talking about
lollypops and gummy worms. I’m talking about CARBS, which are all ultimately are broken down by your body into sugars- namely glucose and fructose. (See chart at the end of this article that lists “What counts as a Carbohydrate?”)
Moving on… It is now becoming apparent that blood sugar and insulin problems are a common factor in almost every modern disease and one of the most damaging things you can do to your body would be to ignore the situation which, in all likelihood, IS affecting you.
The long-term physical problems caused by blood sugar and insulin damage are system-wide and severe. They can include:
Blood sugar and insulin imbalances fall on a relative scale of graduating severity:
Reactive Hypoglycemia –> Insulin Resistance –> Metabolic Syndrome –> Diabetes II
Stage 1: Hypoglycemia (Reactive)
This is extremely common! In my clinical experience, the vast majority of people I see are experiencing some degree of blood sugar imbalances and most of them have never noticed or considered that the vague symptoms that it can present with have anything to do with blood sugar levels. Reactive Hypoglycemia is not itself a disease, but rather a condition (meaning it IS reversible!) which is defined as “too little blood glucose.” Although it seems as if too little blood sugar is the problem, in truth, that’s merely the after-effect of having a history of too much sugar/carbs in the diet.
Symptoms include:
- Getting shaky, headaches and/or irritable without food
- Feeling better after eating
- Tired without food
- Overall fatigue
- Blurry vision
- Waking up at night (usually around 1-3am, but could be anytime throughout the night)
- Tired in the afternoons
- Difficulty concentrating or poor mental focus
- Acid Reflux, sour stomach, or nausea
- Sugar/Carb cravings
- Craves a small “Sweet” after meal
Reactive Hypoglycemia is most common in people who currently have or have a history of:
- High sugar/carbohydrate intake
- High stress levels
- Skipping meals or long periods between eating
- Trans-Fats make this worse!
So here’s what happens:
In a normal, healthy person with a low dietary
intake of carbohydrates and healthy eating habits, blood glucose levels are appropriately maintained by insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas.
Whenever they eat sugary foods or foods containing carbohydrates, their body breaks those carbs down into sugar which eventually gets dumped into their bloodstream. Because the body can only tolerate a small amount of sugar in the bloodstream, the pancreas releases insulin which stimulates the cells to sponge up the excess sugar, therefore regulating blood sugar levels. Once inside the cells, sugar is used for energy, with any excess amount being converted to fat tissue. Then, after all the insulin has been used up and all the sugar has been burned for energy, you go into fat-burning mode until your next meal.
That’s under normal, healthy circumstances. The problem, which applies to over 80% of the population right now, is that when a person has a long history of eating a diet too high in carbs/sugar, their body begins anticipating that each meal will be a high carbohydrate meal and then “overcompensates” by surging too much insulin. This surging effect causes insulin levels in the blood to become too high, resulting in a dramatic drop in blood glucose levels and preventing any fat-burning since as long as there’s insulin still floating around, your body can NOT go into fat-burning mode. (Hence, the “I work out all the time but still can’t seem to lose weight” scenario)
To recap, too much sugar/carbs in the diet causes a roller-coaster ride of blood glucose and insulin levels, resulting eventually in low blood sugar. Ultimately, the problem isn’t that your blood sugar is too low- that’s just the side effect. The problem is that insulin levels are too high as a result of too much sugar/carbs in your diet.
People can be hypoglycemic for years with few symptoms, but over time the cells become irritated by being constantly bathed in insulin. Eventually, the constant exposure to insulin irritates the cells enough that the insulin receptor sites on the cells begin to shut down and become resistant to insulin. At this point, what was Reactive Hypoglycemia has now progressed to Insulin Resistance- the next major step towards diabetes.
Step 2: Insulin Resistance
Insulin Resistance is defined as the condition in which the body’s cells have a reduced sensitivity to insulin, as a result of being exposed to too much insulin for too long (in cases of years of high sugar or carb intake). If the cells are not as responsive to insulin, it means that they won’t receive as strong a signal to sponge up excess sugar out of your blood. This will lead to excess sugar floating around your bloodstream and all the health problems that come with this scenario.
If you have too much sugar floating around in your blood vessels, it is likely that you also have too much insulin traveling through your system as well. This is because the pancreas tries to compensate for the insulin resistance by releasing even more insulin, in a futile attempt to maintain normal blood sugar levels. The problem with this is that having a too-high insulin level has it’s own set of nasty effects above and beyond the effects of high blood sugar.
Symptoms of Insulin Resistance include any of the symptoms of Hypoglycemia listed above PLUS:
- Abdominal weight gain
- Difficulty losing weight
- Sleepiness after meals
- Mental fogginess and fatigue
- Intestinal bloating and gas
- Increased blood pressure
- Increased blood triglycerides
- Depression
- Thinning hair in women
This insulin/blood sugar roller-coaster specifically involves the sugar glucose. But what about fructose, you might be asking? Although it’s true that fructose doesn’t trigger insulin directly (only glucose does), it does still cause lots of problems. Fructose turns into FAT faster than any other sugar, and in high amounts, it begins damaging the liver. Basically, the only organ in your body that can take up fructose is the liver…
…Once there, the fructose:
- Increases uric acid which in turn increases blood pressure and causes gout.
- Increases fat production in the liver which can eventually result in Fatty Liver Disease.
- Fructose is metabolized via the same pathway as alcohol and is actually damaging your liver in the the same way as alcohol.
- Increases inflammation which in turn stops the insulin receptors in your liver from working, resulting in higher insulin levels in the body. The pancreas responds to this situation by pumping out even more insulin in the attempt to get the insulin working, which further increases insulin levels and eventually results in the same Insulin Resistance that glucose causes.
The bottom line is that even though fructose doesn’t directly raise your insulin levels in the short term, in the long term fructose will still lead to Insulin Resistance due to the effects of inflammation in the liver.
Step 3: Metabolic Syndrome
The next stop on the diabetes train after Insulin Resistance is progression to Metabolic Syndrome. It is currently estimated that 75 million Americans (that’s 1 in 4 people!) have blood sugar imbalances that have already progressed into Metabolic Syndrome.
Metabolic Syndrome is characterized by any of the symptoms of Reactive Hypoglycemia and Insulin Resistance PLUS:
- Severe hormonal imbalances
- Immunological disorders
- More abdominal weight gain
- Elevated triglycerides
- Increased cortisol (with it’s associated adrenal symptoms and diseases)
- High risk for Diabetes Type II
The final progression of this disorder, if it continues to go ignored and untreated, is Type 2 Diabetes.
Step 4: Type 2 Diabetes
- 7th leading cause of death in the US
- All-cause mortality (death from any official cause) is more than double in diabetics
- Medical expenses are more than double in diabetics
- #1 cause of blindness in adults
- #1 cause of Kidney failure
- #1 cause of limb amputations
- One of the top reasons for Erectile Dysfunction
- By the age of 65, 77% of people are diabetic or pre-diabetic
Basically….
It might help to think of blood sugar imbalances like this:
We all start out with a certain amount of allowable insulin/sugar activity in our cells for our lifetime- a set number of lifetime ”carb points,” if you will. The problem is that most people have used up all of their carb points in their first 30 or 40 years and after that, the continued exposure to high carb/sugar/insulin levels begins to create serious damage. This is why people always say, “I used to be able to eat whatever I wanted without gaining weight, now my metabolism has slowed down and I gain weight if I eat a cracker!” It’s not as simple as a slowing metabolism, it’s actually the result of using up all of your carb points too early!
In order to avoid serious health problems as you get older, it is vital that your dietary carbohydrates/sugar be drastically reduced or eliminated. Yes- you CAN eliminate carbs! Contrary to popular belief, they are NOT necessary in the diet- fat is a very efficient and sustainable energy source! Consider the Eskimos… their diet consists almost exclusively of animal fat and protein. They are some of the longest-lived, healthiest people on the planet with some of the lowest rates of chronic, degenerative diseases.
So what do we do about it?
Well, for starters, STOP TRIGGERING INSULIN!
1) Drastically reduce or eliminate carbs from your diet and ESPECIALLY AVOID REFINED CARBS AND SUGAR. Continue at least to the point where you don’t crave sugar/carbs anymore.
- Ideally, you’ll aim for 60-80 grams of carbohydrates per day (check labels and keep track!). For others, it will take more extreme measures than that – a near-Atkins diet. Th 60g/day target isn’t necessarily for forever, but at least until the sugar cravings disappear and even after that point, the inclusion of carbs/sugar in the diet should always be kept to a minimum.
- Yes, there carbohydrates in vegetables, but veggies are nutritional powerhouses that deliver enough nutrient value to outweigh the blood sugar level effects of the carbohydrates they contain. For the purposes of improving your health by reducing carbs, you do NOT have to count green vegetables, carrots, beets, or healthy veggies like that in your daily carb budget! You also do not need to keep track of total daily calories or grams of fat. JUST CARBS.
So what DO we count as a carb in the daily budget? Basically, anything that ultimately breaks down into sugar (glucose or fructose):
2) Eat at least every 3 hours- do NOT skip meals
3) Avoid fructose like the plague!!! i.e. – too much fruit (a little bit of fresh fruit is ok but make sure to count it in the budget), fruit juices, dried fruits, products made with high fructose corn syrup, processed foods of any kind.
4) Increase your intake of healthy FATS and protein and eat a fat with everything!
What is a healthy fat?
- All meats and fish
- Butter
- Cheese
- Avocado
- Whole dairy (don’t use skim or reduced fat dairy products)
- Coconut oil (use for low-medium heat cooking or add to smoothies)
- Avocado oil (good for medium-high heat cooking)
- Olive oil (good for dressings, and cold use- do not heat)
- Supplemental oils such as Fish/Krill/Flax
- Flax seeds
- Whole eggs (don’t skip the yolk, it’s the best part! And fresh, pastured eggs are far superior to battery-farmed eggs or “egg products” like egg beaters, etc.)
- Olives
- Nuts and nut butters (especially walnuts, almonds)
- Seeds (especially flax and chia seeds)
Healthy fats should be consumed with every meal- especially vegetables. Failure to include these fats in a meal will result in many of the nutrients consumed during the meal not being absorbed by the body. That’s because many nutrients are fat-soluble nutrients. Vitamins A, D, E and K are nutrients that require fat in order to be absorbed and used by the human body, but there are many other nutrients that also need fats for human metabolism. These healthy fats will also help keep you satisfied after meals (so you don’t get hungry) and provide a huge number of other health benefits.
5) Get some exercise!
- Exercise is still a great thing that a person can do themselves to help reduce insulin resistance and improve blood sugar metabolism. It doesn’t have to be much, but it has to be consistent – a minimum of 30 minutes, 4-5 times a week.
- Walking, swimming, etc. are all great options. Keep it light in the beginning. Later, you can switch to forms of exercise that are less frequent for shorter amounts of time, but higher intensity (strength training and high-intensity interval training are especially helpful to repair insulin damage).
- Each 10% increase in muscle mass corollated with 11% less insulin resistance and 12% less diabetes
NOTE: Be aware that once a person is in a state of Insulin Resistance or beyond, it is not enough to simply follow the “Stop Triggering Insulin” guidelines above – they will help, and are necessary, but adherence to those guidelines must ALSO be accompanied by specific treatments, such as Acupuncture and specific nutrient/supplemental support, to reverse the cells’ resistance to insulin and repair the damage that has been done. Additionally, it is probable that the individual will need to maintain a low carbohydrate intake indefinitely to avoid the same process that burned out their cells to begin with.
Once your blood sugar and insulin levels have become more stable, you will notice that your energy level is much better, your adrenals start to recover, your immune system improves, food sensitivities go away, you sleep better, your moods are better, joint pain improves, digestion improves, etc. – the list goes on and on!
This information brought to you by your friendly, neighborhood Scottsdale Acupuncturist, Melanie Miller, L.Ac., MAOM, owner Turning Point Wellness. For more info about how Acupuncture, Oriental Medicine, and natural nutrition can help you achieve vibrant health and well-being, contact Melanie directly at 480-219-1237. My office is located at 8591 E. Bell Rd., Suite 103, Scottsdale, AZ. 85260
Sources:
Johnson RJ and Gower T. (2009) The Sugar Fix: The High-Fructose Fallout That is Making You Sick and Fat
USDA Agricultural Factbook, Profiling Food Consumption in America, www.usda.gov/factbook/chapter2.pdf
U.S. Centers For Disease Control, “2011 Diabetes Fact Sheet,” http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/diabetes-statistics/
Preethi Srikanthan and Arun S. Karlamangla. “Relative Muscle Mass Is Inversely Associated with Insulin Resistance and PreDiabetes.” Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, July 21, 2011
For the clearest explanation you’ve seen or heard on blood sugar, check out the youtube videos by Dr. Marlene Merritt at http://www.youtube.com/merrittwellnessz








Before you go pumping a bunch of unnecessary, largely ineffective and potentially dangerous vaccinations into your body, it’s time to remind yourself of the things you can do to support your immune system naturally. By now, you’re probably aware that getting plenty of water, rest and exercise are the basics of prevention, but there are a few more things you can do that can dramatically increase your odd of staying happy and healthy through this season. 






















